General knowledge

What Is Copyright? Understanding Section 10 of the Copyright Act That Many People Overlook

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
13
Jan

In the digital age, where anyone can easily create and publish content at their fingertips, copyright has become a legal issue much closer to everyday life than many people realize. Whether it is articles, images, music, videos, short clips on social media, or content on platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and Facebook, copyright plays a crucial role.

Many people mistakenly believe that copyright protection only exists after registration, or that using a small portion of someone else’s work does not constitute infringement. In reality, Thai copyright law protects creative works from the moment they are created, and one of the most fundamental provisions is Section 10 of the Copyright Act B.E. 2537 (1994).

This article will help you understand what Section 10 covers, who owns copyright, and what kinds of actions may unknowingly lead to copyright infringement.

What Does Section 10 of the Copyright Act Provide?

Section 10 provides that where a work is created by a creator under a contract of hire or employment for another person, the employer or the person who commissioned the work shall be the owner of the copyright in such work, unless the creator and the employer or commissioning party have otherwise agreed.

Section 10 of the Copyright Act B.E. 2537 governs the creation of copyright, stating the essential principle that:

“Copyright arises in favor of the creator immediately upon the creation of the work, without the need for registration.”

In summary, Section 10 confirms that copyright protection does not require registration. Once a creative work is created in a tangible form such as writing an article, drawing, photography, recording a video, composing music, or designing graphics the creator automatically becomes the copyright owner.

What Types of Works Are Protected by Copyright?

Under Thai copyright law, copyright protection covers creative works such as:

  • Literary works (articles, books, posts, captions)
  • Artistic works (paintings, photographs, graphic designs)
  • Musical works and lyrics
  • Audiovisual works (videos, films, clips)
  • Broadcast works
  • Computer programs

As long as the work is original, creative, and expressed in a tangible form, it is immediately protected under Section 10.

Case Example: Posting First — Who Owns the Copyright?

Example 1: Articles on Social Media

A writer publishes a legal analysis article on their Facebook Page. Later, another person copies the article and republishes it on their own website without permission or credit.

Even though the article was not registered for copyright, under Section 10, the writer remains the copyright owner. Republishing the article without authorization constitutes copyright infringement.

Case Example: Downloading and Reposting Clips — Is It Infringement?

Example 2: TikTok or YouTube Shorts Clips

An influencer creates an educational video clip. Another user downloads (“rips”) the clip and reuploads it on their own channel to generate views and income.

Although the clip has already been made public, copyright still belongs to the original creator. Reusing it without permission constitutes copyright infringement under the law.

A Common Misunderstanding: Giving Credit Means No Infringement?

Many people believe that as long as credit is given to the original creator, copyright infringement does not occur. This understanding is not always correct.

Giving credit is not a legal license. If the copyright owner has not granted permission, reproducing, modifying, or redistributing the work may still constitute copyright infringement.

Copyright Infringement Is Not a Minor Issue

Copyright infringement may result in civil liability (compensation for damages) and criminal liability (fines and/or imprisonment). In many cases, infringers may not even realize they are violating the law, yet legal consequences still apply.

Why Is It Important to Understand Copyright from the Beginning?

Whether you are a creator, influencer, online business owner, or general social media user, understanding copyright under Section 10 allows you to protect your own works, avoid infringing others’ rights unknowingly, and reduce the risk of lawsuits or compensation claims.

Copyright Arises Immediately  No Registration Required

The key takeaway of Section 10 is that creative works are protected immediately upon creation. In a world where content is rapidly shared, copyright law is no longer distant. A single click can unintentionally lead to legal issues.

Why Copyright Awareness Matters in the Online Era?

In an era of fast-paced content creation and sharing, copyright infringement can easily occur and affect both creators and users. Understanding copyright law, especially Section 10, helps creators know their rights, encourages users to be cautious, and reduces legal risks.

If you require legal consultation regarding copyright, copyright infringement, or protecting your creative works, click “Contact Us.”

Section 10 of the Copyright Act is a fundamental provision everyone should know whether you are a writer, creator, designer, business owner, or general social media user. Copyright arises immediately upon creation, and infringement may lead to both civil and criminal liability.

Wongsakorn Law Office is ready to provide careful and systematic legal advice to help you protect your rights and use them safely in the long term.

Loss of use of vehicle

A Cautionary Tale of “Loss of Use of a Vehicle”: When Insurance Companies Shift the Blame to Consumers Who Is Truly Responsible?

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
13
Jan

Those who regularly follow legal content on the Wongsakorn Law Office website will notice that loss of use of a vehicle is one of the recurring legal issues that causes significant hardship to insured persons. Many cases reveal a troubling pattern in which insurance companies attempt to avoid liability or shift the burden onto policyholders, even though the damage results from accidents and repair processes beyond the insured’s control.

Loss of use of a vehicle is not a new legal concept. However, many consumers remain unaware of their legal rights, leading them to accept losses without receiving fair compensation. This article presents another real-life case that clearly illustrates why having a lawyer involved from the very beginning is critically important once damage occurs.

What Is “Loss of Use of a Vehicle”?

Loss of use of a vehicle refers to damages that a vehicle owner is legally entitled to claim when they are unable to use their vehicle under normal circumstances due to reasons not caused by their own fault for example, when the vehicle is damaged in an accident and must undergo lengthy repairs, preventing its use for work, business, or daily life.

Such damages may be claimed even if the injured party does not rent a replacement vehicle, provided it can be proven that the vehicle was normally in use and that the inability to use it caused actual damage. However, the method and effectiveness of claiming loss-of-use damages largely depend on the legal techniques and strategies employed by the lawyer handling the case, which can significantly affect the amount recoverable.

Nearly 200 Days in Repair Who Should Be Held Responsible?

In one illustrative case, the victim’s vehicle was severely damaged in an accident and required nearly 200 days of repair far exceeding a reasonable repair period. Due to this prolonged delay, the victim was unable to use the vehicle and therefore appointed a lawyer to pursue compensation, including loss-of-use damages, from the insurance company. However, what transpired in court raised serious concerns regarding the insurer’s conduct.

Blame Shift No. 1: “The Insured Voluntarily Chose the Repair Center”

The insurance company argued that:

“The plaintiff voluntarily chose to repair the vehicle at that service center, fully aware that the repair queue would take several months.”

In other words, the insurer attempted to shift responsibility onto the insured, claiming that the insured must bear the consequences of the repair delay. In reality, insured persons often have little bargaining power and must rely on repair processes controlled by insurers, particularly regarding repair cost approvals.

Blame Shift No. 2: Passing Responsibility to the Repair Center

After blaming the insured, the insurance company further shifted responsibility to the repair center, citing long repair queues. However, evidence showed that the insurer itself contributed to the delay through slow repair approval processes.

As a result, the insured was left in a situation where “no one takes responsibility,” despite being the insurer’s customer. This raises a crucial question: When should an insurance company, as the insurer, be held accountable to its policyholders?

Not Sure Where to Start After an Accident? Learn to Protect Yourself Through Wongsakorn Law Office’s YouTube Channel

After an accident, many people are unsure how to begin claiming loss-of-use damages, what to say to insurance companies, what documents are required, or whether the insurer’s explanations should be accepted. Numerous cases demonstrate that individuals who pursue claims on their own often face rejection, blame-shifting, or legal misinformation, ultimately giving up without fair compensation.

In truth, loss of use of a vehicle is a legally recognized right, and insurance companies cannot deny liability merely by citing long repair queues or claiming that the insured selected the repair center. The real issue is not the absence of rights, but the lack of knowledge on how to properly exercise them.

If you are unsure where to begin, we recommend following Wongsakorn Law Office’s YouTube channel, which offers real case studies, legal insights, and practical strategies regarding loss-of-use claims and insurance disputes in an easy-to-understand format empowering you to stay informed and avoid being taken advantage of.

Knowing your rights, knowing the techniques, and understanding insurance practices from the very first step can make all the difference.

Why Is It Crucial to Have a Lawyer from the Start?

This case clearly demonstrates the importance of involving a lawyer immediately after damage occurs. A lawyer can:

  • Develop a compensation strategy from the outset
  • Collect evidence regarding vehicle usage and repair duration
  • Properly assess loss-of-use damages
  • Prevent unfair denial of liability by insurance companies

In contrast, many victims first attempt to handle matters themselves and only consult a lawyer after repeated denials by which time they may have already lost critical legal advantages.

Consult a Lawyer Immediately Better Than Trying Alone and Receiving Nothing

This nearly 200-day repair case serves as a powerful reminder that victims should not bear the burden of delays and unfair treatment alone. Once damage occurs, insured persons’ rights deserve genuine protection.

If your vehicle has been in long-term repair or your loss-of-use claim has been denied, do not wait for the damage to escalate. You may consult a lawyer immediately to plan a fair, lawful, and strategic compensation claim from the very beginning. Consult a lawyer today Click “Contact Us”

Activity

Lawyer Arm presented a Luang Phor Ngern sacred cloth to Pol. Col. Pairoj Phetphloy to mark the New Year 2026

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
12
Jan

On the occasion of the New Year of the Buddhist Era 2569, Lawyer Arm Supasit Siri presented a Luang Phor Ngern sacred cloth as an auspicious keepsake and New Year’s greeting to Pol. Col. Pairoj Phetphloy, Superintendent of Bang Phli Police Station, on Tuesday, 6 January 2569, as a gesture of respect and to bring auspiciousness at the beginning of the new year.

During the meeting, Lawyer Arm expressed his sincere appreciation to the Superintendent for the goodwill and continued support, reflecting a strong friendship and constructive cooperation in working together.

The Luang Phor Ngern sacred cloth, a highly revered auspicious object, was presented with good intentions to convey blessings for prosperity, good health, and success in duty throughout the new year, serving as a symbol of mutual respect and care.

Activity

Lawyer Arm presented a Luang Phor Ngern sacred cloth to Pol. Col. Phisut Chantharasuwan, Superintendent of Bang Kaeo Police Station, as an auspicious New Year 2569 keepsake.

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
12
Jan

On Tuesday, 6 January 2569, on the occasion of the New Year of the Buddhist Era 2569, Lawyer Arm Supasit Siri presented a Luang Phor Ngern sacred cloth as an auspicious keepsake and New Year’s greeting to Pol. Col. Phisut Chantharasuwan, Superintendent of Bang Kaeo Police Station, as a gesture of respect and to invoke auspiciousness at the beginning of the new year.

The Luang Phor Ngern sacred cloth is widely revered as an auspicious object, symbolizing good fortune, prosperity, and protection from harm. This presentation therefore represented both a symbol of goodwill and mutual respect. The atmosphere was warm and friendly, reflecting a strong working relationship for the benefit of society, and marking a positive beginning toward continued constructive cooperation throughout the year.

Activity

On the Occasion of the New Year, Lawyer Arm Pays Respect and Seeks Blessings from Phra Khru Witu Ratchachatthorn (Phra Ajarn Jab) for Auspiciousness and Stability in Every Step in 2569

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
12
Jan

On Tuesday, 6 January 2569 (2026), on the occasion of the New Year of the Buddhist Era 2569, Lawyer Arm Supasit Siri traveled to pay respect and seek blessings from Phra Khru Witu Ratchachatthorn (Boonlert Panyatharo, also known as Kaew Namkhang or Phra Ajarn Jab), the Abbot of Wat Nam Daeng, at Wat Nam Daeng. The visit was made to bring auspiciousness to his life and professional endeavors in the New Year.

With sincere faith, Lawyer Arm offered prayers for happiness, progress, and prosperity in the coming year, particularly in his career, finances, and stability in every step forward. He also received blessings and compassionate teachings from Phra Khru Witu Ratchachatthorn.

The atmosphere within the temple was calm, simple, and filled with spiritual faith, reflecting Lawyer Arm’s intention to begin the New Year with a strong and steady mindset. He remains ready to move forward with determination, dedicating himself to creating benefits for society while living his life grounded in moral values throughout the year 2026.

Activity

Enhancing Auspiciousness for Life and Career in the New Year 2026 : Lawyer Arm Pays Respect and Seeks Blessings from Phra Thep Samut Wacharacharn, Abbot of Wat Bang Phli Yai Nai

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
12
Jan

On Tuesday, 6 January 2569 (2026), on the occasion of the New Year of the Buddhist Era 2569, Lawyer Arm Supasit Siri traveled to pay respect and seek blessings from Phra Thep Samut Wacharacharn (Charan Siridhammo), Abbot of Wat Bang Phli Yai Nai, a Royal Temple, and the Ecclesiastical Governor of Samut Prakan Province, in order to bring auspiciousness to his life and professional duties.

With deep respect and faith, Lawyer Arm offered prayers and received blessings and compassionate teachings from Phra Thep Samut Wacharacharn. These teachings serve as important guidance for living one’s life with honesty, integrity, and a strong commitment to moral values.

The atmosphere was calm, simple, and filled with spiritual faith, reflecting Lawyer Arm’s intention to begin the New Year with a stable and focused mind. He remains determined to carry out his responsibilities with dedication and accountability, striving to create meaningful benefits for society and the public to the fullest extent throughout the New Year.

Activity

Paying Respect and Seeking Blessings from Phra Ajarn Maha Santi for the New Year 2026, Strengthening the Mind and Wisdom

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
12
Jan

On the occasion of the New Year of the Buddhist Era 2569, Lawyer Arm Supasit Siri traveled to pay respect and seek blessings from Phra Ajarn Maha Santi Yanamethi, the principal instructor of the monastic education center at Hong Rattanaram Temple, a holder of the highest level of Pali studies (Parian 9), and Assistant Abbot of Hong Rattanaram Ratchaworawihan Temple. The visit was made to bring auspiciousness to his life and professional duties at Hong Rattanaram Ratchaworawihan Temple on Tuesday, 6 January 2569 (2026).

With deep respect and faith, Lawyer Arm offered prayers and received compassionate teachings from Phra Ajarn Maha Santi. These teachings serve as important guiding principles for living one’s life with mindfulness, wisdom, and integrity.

The atmosphere was calm, simple, and filled with spiritual faith, reflecting Lawyer Arm’s intention to begin the New Year with a stable and focused mind. He remains committed to upholding moral values and righteousness, and to dedicating himself fully to serving society and the public throughout the year 2026

Activity

Lawyer Arm Pays a Respectful Visit to Seek Blessings from Chao Khun Meechai (Phra Dhammavajiramedhi) for the New Year 2569, Bringing Auspiciousness to Life and Career

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
12
Jan

On Tuesday, 6 January 2569 (2026), on the occasion of the New Year of the Buddhist Era 2569, Lawyer Arm Supasit Siri traveled to Hong Rattanaram Ratchaworawihan Temple to respectfully pay homage and seek blessings from Chao Khun Meechai (Phra Dhammavajiramedhi). He is a senior monk who has made significant contributions to Buddhism and currently serves as the Abbot of Hong Rattanaram Ratchaworawihan Temple, as well as the Ecclesiastical Regional Governor of Region 1, in order to bring auspiciousness to his life and professional career.

With deep respect and faith, Lawyer Arm offered prayers and received compassionate teachings and guidance from Chao Khun Meechai. These teachings are regarded as valuable principles for living one’s life and practicing the legal profession with honesty, integrity, and steadfast adherence to moral and ethical values.

The atmosphere was calm and filled with spiritual faith, reflecting Lawyer Arm’s sincere intention to begin the New Year with determination and commitment. He remains dedicated to continuing his mission of serving society and the public to the best of his abilities, while moving forward on the path of righteousness, justice, and virtue throughout the year 2026.

General knowledge

The Problem of Fake TikTok Accounts and Unauthorized Video Reuse on Social Media: A Growing Threat to Influencers and Online Public Figures

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
08
Jan

In an era where TikTok has become a leading platform for personal branding, income generation, and social influence, an unavoidable problem has emerged: impersonation on TikTok and other social media platforms, as well as the unauthorized reuse or “scraping” of videos. Influencers, net idols, content creators, and even ordinary individuals with a large following are all at risk of becoming victims of online rights violations.

These issues are not merely an inconvenience. In many cases, they escalate into serious legal problems that can severely affect an account owner’s reputation, income, and credibility.

What Is TikTok Account Impersonation and How Does It Happen?

TikTok account impersonation refers to situations where someone creates a TikTok account or other social media account using a name, profile picture, content, or style that closely resembles the real owner, causing others to mistakenly believe it is the official or authentic account.

Common forms of impersonation include:

  • Using a username similar to the real account
  • Reusing profile pictures or videos from the genuine account
  • Claiming to be a “backup account” or a new official channel
  • Using fake accounts to sell products, accept advertisements, or solicit money transfers

Such cases are especially common among influencers and net idols on TikTok due to their large follower base and the trust audiences place in their public image.

Unauthorized Use or “Scraping” of TikTok Videos

Another equally common issue is the unauthorized reuse or “scraping” of TikTok videos for use on other platforms, such as:

  • Advertising websites, lottery sites, or gambling websites
  • Online sales pages
  • Other TikTok or YouTube channels
  • Promotional media falsely claiming endorsements

Offenders often edit videos, add new text, or use the creator’s image to promote products or services without consent, causing significant damage to both reputation and commercial interests.

Who Is at Risk of TikTok Impersonation or Video Scraping?

Many people believe this problem only affects celebrities, but in reality, those at risk include:

  • TikTok influencers and content creators
  • Net idols or individuals with a large following
  • Online business owners using TikTok as a marketing channel
  • Ordinary users whose videos go viral or gain public attention

The more followers an account has, the more likely it becomes a target for impersonation and rights violations.

Is It Illegal to Impersonate an Influencer’s TikTok Account to Generate Income?

One increasingly common form of infringement on TikTok is impersonating influencers or creators to generate income, such as through advertisements, product sales, affiliate links, or receiving gifts from followers. This behavior not only exploits another person’s reputation but may also constitute multiple legal offenses.

Offenders often rely on the influencer’s popularity and credibility by using similar account names, profile images, or videos, and claiming to be a backup account or part of the influencer’s team. When followers are misled, they may unknowingly transfer money, purchase products, or financially support the fake account.

From a legal perspective, such conduct may constitute:

  • Violation of reputation and image rights
  • Copyright infringement through unauthorized reuse of videos or content
  • Fraud, if money transfers or purchases are induced
  • Computer-related offenses involving false or misleading information

Even if the offender does not use the influencer’s real name, legal liability may still arise if the public is misled into believing the account is authentic.

The impact of account impersonation or video scraping extends far beyond discomfort and may include:

  • Loss of brand credibility and reputation
  • Loss of advertising and sponsorship income
  • Being mistakenly associated with illegal or unethical businesses
  • Long-term damage to personal or professional image

In some cases, creators must spend significant time and financial resources to restore their reputation.

What Should You Do If Your TikTok Account Is Impersonated or Your Videos Are Misused?

If you discover that your TikTok account has been impersonated or your videos reused without permission, you should:

1. Collect evidence such as fake account links, reused videos, and screenshots

2. Report the issue to TikTok or the relevant social media platform

3. Avoid direct confrontation without proper evidence

4. Consult a lawyer to assess legal options

Taking prompt and appropriate action can help minimize damage and increase the chances of claiming compensation.

Do Not Underestimate TikTok Impersonation or Video Scraping Consult a Lawyer Immediately

Although TikTok and social media platforms provide freedom of expression, this does not mean anyone can freely exploit another person’s work or reputation. Impersonation and unauthorized video use remain subject to legal regulation, just as in the offline world.

If you are an influencer, net idol, or TikTok user facing these issues, do not allow the damage to escalate. Consulting a lawyer early can help you protect your rights, reputation, and commercial interests in the most effective and legally sound manner.

General knowledge

Why Should New Business Owners Have a Legal Advisor from the First Step of Investing?

Posted on by wongsakornsiri
08
Jan

In an era where anyone can enter the world of investment more easily, whether by starting a personal business, expanding an existing enterprise, or investing in real estate, many people tend to focus primarily on “capital.” The common belief is that having sufficient funds alone is enough to generate returns and achieve success. In reality, however, capital is only one essential component. Without a proper legal structure in place from the beginning, the risks involved may be far greater than expected.

For new business owners and first-time investors, having a legal advisor from the very first step of investment is not a luxury, but a crucial foundation for long-term business and investment stability. This article explains why legal advisors play a vital role for new investors and compares the advantages and disadvantages of investing with and without legal counsel.

Hidden Risks in Investments for New Business Owners

Every form of investment carries inherent risks, especially for new investors who lack experience in business and legal matters. Common risks include:

  • Entering into contracts with unclear or unfavorable terms
  • Investing without understanding the legal structure
  • Holding assets or shares without clear legal evidence
  • Joint ventures without written agreements
  • Future disputes with partners, sellers, or contractors

These issues may not be apparent at the initial stage, but once the business grows or conflicts arise, the financial and time-related losses may be difficult to resolve.

The Role of a Legal Advisor in Investment

A legal advisor’s role extends far beyond litigation. Their involvement is crucial even before an investment begins, such as:

  • Analyzing legal risks of investment projects
  • Reviewing and drafting investment contracts
  • Structuring shareholding or joint ventures
  • Providing legal advice on real estate investments
  • Preventing potential future disputes

Having a lawyer from the start is like having an expert who can identify risks that new investors may overlook.

Before Investing: Why Is a Legal Advisor a Key Factor?

Many first-time investors believe that legal advisors are only necessary when disputes or lawsuits arise. In fact, whether or not a legal advisor is involved from the beginning can significantly influence the direction and outcome of an investment. Every investment involves contracts, agreements, and legal obligations that may conceal hidden risks.

Investing with legal guidance is fundamentally different from relying solely on personal understanding or experience. The following sections clearly outline the advantages of having a legal advisor and the disadvantages of investing without one, enabling investors to make informed decisions before stepping into the investment world.

Advantages of Having a Legal Advisor for New Investors

1. Reducing Legal Risks from the Start
 Lawyers review contracts and conditions to ensure fairness and prevent legal disadvantages.

2. Systematic Investment Structuring
 Whether establishing a company, holding shares, or investing in real estate, legal advisors can recommend structures aligned with investment goals.

3.  Preventing Future Disputes
 Clear agreements from the outset reduce the likelihood of litigation and conflicts.

4. Long-Term Cost Savings
 Legal consultation costs are far lower than future litigation or corrective expenses.

5. Greater Confidence in Investment Decisions
 Investors can make informed decisions knowing legal professionals are safeguarding their interests.

Disadvantages of Investing Without a Legal Advisor

On the other hand, investing without legal counsel may lead to:

  • Signing unfair or disadvantageous contracts
  • Being unaware of hidden legal obligations
  • Being taken advantage of by more experienced parties
  • Costly and time-consuming disputes
  • Business disruption due to legal issues

Many new investors have suffered significant financial losses simply by neglecting legal considerations from the outset.

Why Are Legal Advisors Especially Important in Real Estate Investment?

Real estate investment such as purchasing land, condominiums, or property development often involves high-value transactions and extensive legal documentation. Legal advisors help verify ownership rights, encumbrances, contracts, and conditions to prevent risks such as:

  • Purchasing property with mortgages or disputes
  • Incomplete transfer of ownership
  • Unintentional loss of property rights

Money Alone Is Not Enough for Long-Term Investment Growth

For new business owners and investors, long-term investment success depends not only on capital but also on careful planning especially legal planning. Having a legal advisor from the first step creates a strong protective shield against risks and supports sustainable growth.If you aspire to grow as a successful business owner or investor, do not overlook the role of a legal advisor.

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